Piezoelectric Damping
Piezoelectric losses are more complex and include coupling and electrical losses in addition to the material terms. For damping in piezoelectric materials, see Piezoelectric Losses.
For piezoelectric materials, βdK is only used as a multiplier of the structural contribution to the stiffness matrix when building-up the damping matrix as given by Equation 2-25. In the frequency domain studies, you can use the coupling and dielectric loss factors equal to βdKω to effectively achieve the Rayleigh damping involving the whole stiffness matrix.