The Semiconductor Optoelectronics, Beam Envelopes Interface
This physics interface requires a Wave Optics Module license. For theory and physics interface feature descriptions relating to the Beam Envelopes interface, see the Wave Optics Module User’s Guide.
The Semiconductor Optoelectronics, Beam Envelopes interface () is used to model the interaction of electromagnetic waves with semiconductors. This multiphysics interface adds Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes and Semiconductor interfaces. By default an Optical Transitions node is added to the Semiconductor interface. The multiphysics couplings add the stimulated and/or spontaneous generation rates to the semiconductor and account for the electromagnetic gain or loss due to absorption or emission of light by the material.
Combinations of frequency-domain modeling for the Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes interface and stationary modeling for the Semiconductor interface, called frequency-stationary and, similarly, frequency-transient modeling, are supported in 2D and 3D.
When a predefined Semiconductor Optoelectronics, Beam Envelopes interface is added from the Semiconductor branch () of the Model Wizard or Add Physics windows, Semiconductor and Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes interfaces are added to the Model Builder.
In addition, a Multiphysics Couplings node is added, which automatically includes the multiphysics coupling feature Semiconductor-Electromagnetic Waves Coupling.
On the Constituent Physics Interfaces
The Semiconductor interface solves Poisson’s equation for the electric potential and the drift-diffusion equations for electrons and holes in a semiconductor material.
The Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes interface computes electric and magnetic field distributions for systems and devices where the field amplitude varies slowly on a wavelength scale. The physics interface can be used efficiently for unidirectional and bidirectional propagation of electromagnetic beams. In this physics interface the electric field is factored into a product of a slowly varying envelope function (slowly on the scale of a wavelength) and a rapidly varying phase function. The phase function is a priori prescribed, so the physics interface solves the time-harmonic wave equation for the slowly varying envelope function.
Coupling Features
If a multiphysics interface is added from the Model Wizard or using the Add Physics window, then the appropriate coupling feature is automatically added to the model builder tree structure. Alternatively, the physics interfaces can be added one at a time, followed by the coupling features.
For example, if single Semiconductor and Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes interfaces are added, then COMSOL Multiphysics adds an empty Multiphysics Couplings node. You can then choose the coupling feature: Semiconductor-Electromagnetic Waves Coupling.
Coupling features are available from the context menu (right-click the Multiphysics Couplings node) or from the Physics toolbar, Multiphysics menu.
Physics Interfaces and Coupling Features
Use the online help in COMSOL Multiphysics to locate and search all the documentation. All these links also work directly in COMSOL Multiphysics when using the Help system.
Coupling Features
The Semiconductor-Electromagnetic Waves Coupling node is described in the section Semiconductor-Electromagnetic Waves Coupling below.
Physics Interface Features
Physics nodes are available from the Physics ribbon toolbar (Windows users), Physics context menu (Mac or Linux users), or right-click to access the context menu (all users).
In general, to add a node, go to the Physics toolbar, no matter what operating system you are using. Subnodes are available by clicking the parent node and selecting it from the Attributes menu.
The available physics features for The Semiconductor Interface are listed in the section Domain, Edge, Boundary, Pair, and Point Nodes for the Semiconductor Interface.