The Signal Conductor node solves for Ampère’s law, with the voltage set to 1, that is,
Note that the Signal Conductor node uses a weak constraint with the surface charge density
ρ (SI unit: C/m
2) defined as a Lagrange multiplier. The surface charge density is found such that the constraint over the voltage is satisfied.
The Signal Conductor feature solves for the per-unit-length (p.u.l.) parameters. Specifically, the signal conductor assumes a current of 1 A and a voltage difference between the signal and reference conductor of 1 V. The p.u.l. resistance of the signal conductor,
Rsign, is computed as done for the reference conductor, leading to the final p.u.l. resistance
R = Rref + Rsign. The p.u.l. inductance,
L, is similarly computed as the imaginary part of the total impedance. The p.u.l. capacitance,
C, is computed as the real part of the surface charge density and the electric potential. The p.u.l. conductance,
G, is computed as the imaginary part of the ratio between surface charge density and the electric potential. Note that the assumption is that the conductive losses in a dielectric are negligible, so that
G accounts only for bound charge losses. This means that
G is zero if the imaginary part of the relative permittivity is zero.
By default, the Electric conductivity σ (SI unit: S/m) for the media is defined as
From material. Alternatively, choose
User defined and specify a value or expression.
