where Q is the domain heat source (W/m
3).
where Hi is the partial molar enthalpy (J/mol),
Ni is the species flux (mol/m
2/s), and
ci is the concentration.
Equation 3-28 can be made to represent the heat transfer equation of a multicomponent electrochemical system.
where Ri (mol/m
3/s) is the local rate production source, the heat source expression may be simplified to
The derivations below follow a simplified approach along the principles lined out in Ref. 1. For deepened discussion on thermal effects in electrochemical cells, the reader is referred to
Ref. 1 to
Ref. 4.
where
is the potential-independent partial molar enthalpy (J/mol) and ϕ the electrostatic potential (V). Apart from when heat of mixing effects are present,

is constant.