New Models in Version 6.4
DC Breakdown Voltage of Parallel Electrodes in Air
This model calculates the DC breakdown voltage between parallel electrodes in air using a detailed charge transport approach. It is currently one-dimensional for simplicity but can be extended to other gases and dimensions. The results closely match experimental data found in the literature.
AC Breakdown Voltage of Parallel Electrodes in Air
The model estimates the AC breakdown voltage between parallel electrodes in air by simulating charge transport dynamics. To keep computations efficient, it is implemented in one dimension, though it can be adapted for different gases and extended to higher-dimensional setups. The simulation results show strong agreement with experimental values reported in the literature.
Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge
This model demonstrates the simulation of surface dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) using the Electric Discharge interface. The formulation incorporates a comprehensive set of physical processes, including charge transport, impact ionization, electron attachment, recombination, and surface charge accumulation, all fully coupled with the Poisson’s equation.
Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Air
This model demonstrates DBD in air subjected to an AC applied voltage. As the voltage amplitude increases, the discharge intensity correspondingly strengthens. Furthermore, the dominant component of the discharge current transitions from displacement current to conduction current.
Electrohydrodynamic Flow in Dielectric Liquids
This model simulates the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow of a dielectric liquid around a wire electrode positioned between two parallel flat-plate electrodes. The ion transport is described using the Poisson–Nernst–Planck equations, while fluid motion is governed by the Navier–Stokes equations. The model incorporates the Onsager effect to more accurately capture ion dynamics. Simulation results show strong agreement with experimental data reported in the literature.
Switching Arc Discharges in Low-Voltage Circuit Breakers
Unwanted electrical arcing poses significant risks to the reliability and safety of electrical and electronic systems. To enhance predictive capabilities and deepen understanding of arc behavior, this comprehensive numerical model simulates transient arc discharge phenomena in a circuit breaker environment. The model employs a full 3D magnetohydrodynamics-based Arc Discharge multiphysics interface, capturing the complex interplay between thermal, electromagnetic, and fluid dynamic effects during arc formation and evolution. A dynamic moving mesh with remeshing is implemented to accurately resolve topological changes associated with mechanical switching actions. Furthermore, the model is coupled to an external electrical circuit, enabling realistic simulation of arc-circuit interactions under operational switching conditions. This integrated approach provides a robust framework for investigating arc dynamics and supports the development of more effective arc mitigation and control strategies in power systems.
Streamers Initialized From Suspended Metal Particles
This model simulates the initiation of streamers from suspended metal particles, their propagation under a high electric field, and their subsequent merging. The discharge current flows into the metal particles, which are maintained at equal potential. These suspended particles enhance the local electric field, thereby accelerating both the initiation and propagation of streamer discharges.
Partial Discharge Inside Solid Dielectrics
The electrical insulation strength of gases is generally much lower than that of solids. Under normal operating conditions, electrical discharges — known as partial discharges — can occur in voids or cracks within a solid dielectric. This model simulates partial discharges in a spherical air void embedded in a solid insulator under a 50-Hz power frequency. It incorporates detailed charge transport processes coupled with electrostatics while automatically accounting for surface charge accumulation at the interface. The simulation produces the phase-resolved partial discharge (PRPD) pattern.