Coupling to Electrical and Thermal Modeling
In some applications where electrical or thermal effects are significant, it can be important to design the laminate based on a combined response. The layered material technology in COMSOL Multiphysics allows you to use different physics interfaces in the same layered material, and it is possible to solve for all the physical phenomena simultaneously, using couplings between them.
From a structural design point of view, either laminate theory can be used together with electrical and thermal modeling of composite laminates. An example is Joule heating and thermal expansion of a composite laminate.
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The two multiphysics interfaces Thermal Stress, Layered Shell and Thermal Stress, Shell can be used to couple layered shell and shell elements to physics interfaces for heat transfer analysis.
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The Piezoelectricity, Layered Shell multiphysics interface can be used to couple the Layered Shell interface and the Electric Currents in Layered Shells interface to model piezoelectric layers in a composite laminate.
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The Piezoresistivity, Layered Shell multiphysics interface can be used to couple the Layered Shell interface and the Electric Currents in Layered Shells interface to model piezoresistive layers in a composite laminate.