Particle Nucleation
Particle nucleation describes the birth of new particles. The rate at which new particles are introduced into the system is written as
(3-159)
In this equation, B is the nucleation rate (SI unit: 1/m3/s). The birth of new particles through nucleation is assumed to only occur at the smallest particle size, L0. This is shown with the Dirac delta function, δ. Predefined options to express the nucleation rate B are according to an Arrhenius expression
(3-160)
or a homogeneous nucleation expression (Ref. 2)
(3-161)
where
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DS is the solute species diffusion coefficient (SI unit: m2/s)
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NA is the Avogadro number (SI unit: 1/mol)
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γS is the surface energy (SI unit: J/m2)
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kB is the Boltzmann constant (SI unit: J/K)
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Vm is the molecular volume (SI unit: m3)
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T is the temperature (SI unit: K)