Study and Results
Study
In the Home toolbar, click Compute . The Study node automatically defines a solution sequence for the simulation based on the selected physics and study type. In this case, the simulation only takes a few seconds to solve. During the solution process, two Convergence plots are generated and are available from tabs next to the Graphics window. These plots show the convergence progress of the different solver algorithms engaged by the Study. Once it is finished, several default plots will show under the Results node.
Temperature (ht)
Select the Temperature (ht) plot group under the Results node. Click the Zoom Extents  button in the Graphics toolbar.
Volume
1
In the Model Builder window, expand the Temperature (ht) node, then click Volume.
2
In the Settings window for Volume, click to expand the Range section.
3
Select the Manual color range checkbox.
4
In the Maximum text field, type 324.
5
In the Temperature (ht) toolbar, click Plot .
6
Click the Zoom Extents  button in the Graphics toolbar.
Note: The temperature distribution is laterally symmetric with a vertical mirror plane running between the two lower titanium bolts and cutting through the center of the upper bolt. In this case, the model does not require much computing power and you can model the entire geometry. For more complex models, you can consider using symmetries to reduce the computational requirements.
Current Density
1
In the Home toolbar, click Add Plot Group and choose 3D Plot Group.
2
In the Settings window for 3D Plot Group, type Current Density in the Label text field.
3
Right-click Current Density and choose Surface.
4
In the Settings window for Surface, click Replace Expression in the upper-right corner of the Expression section. From the menu, choose Component 1 (comp1) > Electric Currents > Currents and charge > ec.normJ - Current density norm - A/m². You can also type ec.normJ in the Expression field when you know the variable name or, alternatively, use the auto completion functionality by typing norm and then pressing Ctrl+Space to get a variable name suggestion.
5
Click Plot  to display it in the Graphics window. As it can be seen, the plot is almost uniform in color due to the high current density at the contact edges with the bolts. The next step is to manually change the color table range to visualize the current density distribution. Click to expand the Range section. Select the Manual color range checkbox.
6
In the Maximum text field, type 1e6.
7
In the Current Density toolbar, click Plot . The resulting plot shows that the current takes the shortest path in the 90-degree bend in the busbar. Notice that the edges of the busbar outside of the bolts are hardly carrying any current.
Temperature (ht)
1
In the Model Builder window, under Results click Temperature (ht).
2
In the Temperature (ht) toolbar, click  More Plots and choose Max/Min Volume.
3
In the Settings window for Max/Min Volume, click Replace Expression in the upper-right corner of the Expression section. From the menu, choose Component 1 (comp1) > Heat Transfer in Solids > Temperature > T - Temperature - K. You can also search for Temperature in the search field above the tree of variables or manually enter T.
4
In the Temperature (ht) toolbar, click Plot .
The maximum and minimum values may vary a bit depending on the version you are running. For a finer mesh the results will be the same regardless of version.
As an alternative to the method of plotting the maximum and minimum values described above, you can use the Derived Values node or an Evaluation Group for a pure numerical output. The following steps show how to use Derived Values.
1
In the Results section of the model tree, right-click the Derived Values node and select Maximum > Volume Maximum.
2
In the Settings window for Volume Maximum, under Selection, choose All domains.
3
In the first row of the Expression table, enter T (unless it is automatically filled out) for the temperature and click Evaluate at the top of the Settings window.
The Settings of the Volume Maximum is shown as follows.
Click Evaluate button and a table will show up and display the value of the maximum temperature.
This concludes this introduction.