This module automatically generates variables for the S-parameters. The port names (use numbers for sweeps to work correctly) determine the variable names. If, for example, there are two ports with the numbers 1 and 2 and Port 1 is the inport, the software generates the variables S11 and S21. S11 is the S-parameter for the reflected wave and S21 is the S-parameter for the transmitted wave. For convenience, two variables for the S-parameters on a dB scale, S11dB and S21dB, are also defined using the following relation:

In addition to the S-parameter variables, variables are also added for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) when using a single port, two-port ABCD-parameters when using two ports, and reflection coefficient with multiple excitation when all ports are excited, as shown in the table below:

In the table above, emw is the tag for the physics interface. This tag can be different for different physics interface instances. N is the name of the port (a number).

The ABCD-parameters are produced when two ports are employed. When a port sweep is conducted, the full 2-by-2 S-parameter matrix is transformed into the ABCD-parameters using a 50 Ω reference impedance. If not, the network is assumed to be reciprocal, with S21 = S12 and S11 = S22. The hypothetical full S-parameters are then converted to ABCD-parameters accordingly.