Danckwerts Inflow Boundary Condition
Constraining the composition to fixed values at an inlet to a reactor may sometimes result in issues with unreasonably high reaction rates or singularities at the inlet boundary. These problems may many times be mitigated by using a flux boundary condition instead, based on the upstream concentrations and the fluid velocity at the boundary. In chemical engineering, this type of flux boundary condition is also known as a Danckwerts condition.
Use the Danckwerts condition to specify inlet conditions for domains where high reaction rates are anticipated in the vicinity to the inlet (Ref. 2).
Given an upstream concentration ci,0, the Danckwerts inflow boundary condition prescribed the total flux as
(5-17)