References for LES
1. Y. Bazilevs, V.M. Calo, J.A. Cottrell, T.J.R. Hughes, A. Reali, and G. Scovazzi, “Variational multiscale residual-based turbulence modeling for large eddy simulation of incompressible flows,” Comput. Methods Appl Mech. Engrg., 197 (2007), 173-201.
2. J. Liu. “Residual-based variational multiscale models for large eddy simulations of compressible and incompressible flows,” Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Ph.D. Thesis, 2012.
3. J. Volker and K. Songul, “A finite element variational multiscale method for the Navier-Stokes equations,” SIAM J. Sci. Comput., vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 1485–1503, 2005.