Use the Charge-Discharge Cycling node to specify a load cycling boundary condition in time-dependent simulations, where the switch between charge and discharge depends on the resulting cell voltage (or current). The node may for instance be used for constant-current/constant-voltage (CCCV) cycling in battery simulations.

Depending on the Start Mode setting, the node will either start in Charge or Discharge mode.

Each cycle always start with a constant Discharging/Charging current period, which ends when the corresponding Minimum/Maximum voltage is reached (the voltage is defined with respect to ground).

After the constant Discharging/Charging current period, you may also Include constant voltage discharging/charging periods, which will end when the specified Lower/Upper cut-off currents are reached. At the end of each cycle, you can also Include rest periods, specifying the Resting time.

The node also defines a cycle counter variable (xxx.cdc1.cycle_counter, where xxx is the physics interface tag), which may be used in postprocessing or when defining Stop Condition in the time-dependent solver to end the simulation when a specified number of cycles has been reached.

Note: For more complex load cycles you may use The Events Interface to set up the cycling behavior.