The Electric Currents (ec) interface (), found under the AC/DC branch () when adding a physics interface, is used to compute electric field, current, and potential distributions in conducting media under conditions where inductive effects are negligible; that is, when the skin depth is much larger than the studied device.

Current Conservation is the main node, which adds the equation for the electric potential and provides a Settings window for defining the electrical conductivity as well as the constitutive relation for the electric displacement field and its associated material properties, such as the relative permittivity.

When this physics interface is added, these default nodes are also added to the Model Builder — Current Conservation, Electric Insulation (the default boundary condition), and Initial Values. Then, from the Physics toolbar, add other nodes that implement, for example, boundary conditions and current sources. You can also right-click Electric Currents to select physics features from the context menu.

The Label is the default physics interface name.

The Name is used primarily as a scope prefix for variables defined by the physics interface. Refer to such physics interface variables in expressions using the pattern <name>.<variable_name>. In order to distinguish between variables belonging to different physics interfaces, the name string must be unique. Only letters, numbers, and underscores (_) are permitted in the Name field. The first character must be a letter.

The default Name (for the first physics interface in the model) is ec.

Select the Enable check box to allow the physics interface to control the meshing process. Information from the physics, such as the presence of an infinite elements domain or periodic condition, will be used to automatically set up an appropriate mesh sequence.

Enter a default value for the Cross-section area A (SI unit: m2). The default value of 1 is typically not representative for a thin domain. Instead it describes a unit thickness that makes the 1D equation identical to the equation used for 3D components. See also Change Cross Section (described for the Electrostatics interface).

Enter a default value for the Out-of-plane thickness d (SI unit: m) (see Equation 10-1). The default value of 1 m is typically not representative for a thin dielectric medium, for example. Instead it describes a unit thickness that makes the 2D equation identical to the equation used for 3D components. See also Change Thickness (Out-of-Plane) (described for the Electrostatics interface).

The dependent variable is the Electric potential V. You can change its name, which changes both the field name and the variable name. If the new name coincides with the name of another electric potential field in the model, the physics interfaces share degrees of freedom. The new name must not coincide with the name of a field of another type or with a component name belonging to some other field.

To display all settings available in this section, click the Show button () and select Advanced Physics Options