External Stress
You can add the External Stress subnode to several material models, in order to specify an additional stress contribution which is not part of the constitutive relation. The external stress can be added to the total stress tensor, or act only as an extra load contribution.
In many cases External Stress and Initial Stress and Strain are interchangeable when prescribing stresses. In Initial Stress and Strain, the given stress is however always added to the stress tensor.
External Stress
Specify the external stress as section forces:
•
External axial force Next.
•
External bending moment Mz,ext and for 3D models, My,ext.
•
For 3D models: External torsional moment Mx,ext.
•
For Timoshenko beam: External shear force Ty,ext and for 3D models, Tz,ext.
For each quantity, you can select User defined, in which case you enter values or expressions explicitly. The drop-down lists will also contain any section forces announced from a physics interface.
Selecting section forces announced by the same physics interface as where the External Stress node is added, will result in an error (‘Circular variable dependency detected’). This operation would imply that the computed force depends on itself.
Context Menus
 Beam>Linear Elastic Material>External Stress
Ribbon
Physics tab with Linear Elastic Material node selected in the model tree:
Attributes>External Stress