Opaque Surface
This node defines a boundary opaque to radiation. It prescribes incident intensities on a boundary and accounts for the net radiative heat flux, qw, that is absorbed by the surface.
Pair Selection
If this node is selected from the Pairs menu, choose the pair on which to apply this condition. A pair has to be created first. See Identity and Contact Pairs in the COMSOL Multiphysics Reference Manual for more details.
Models Inputs
This section has fields and values that are inputs to expressions that define material properties. If such user-defined materials are added, the model inputs appear here.
There is one standard model input — the Temperature T, which is used in the blackbody radiative intensity expression.
Wall Settings
Select a Wall type to define the behavior of the wall: Gray wall or Black wall.
Gray Wall
If Gray wall is selected the default Surface emissivity ε value is taken From material (a material defined on the boundaries). For User defined enter another value or expression.
An emissivity of 0 means that the surface emits no radiation at all and that all outgoing radiation is diffusely reflected by this boundary. An emissivity of 1 means that the surface is a perfect blackbody: outgoing radiation is fully absorbed on this boundary. The radiative intensity along incoming discrete directions on this boundary is defined by
Black Wall
If Black wall is selected, no user input is required, and the radiative intensity along the incoming discrete directions on this boundary is defined by
Values of radiative intensity along outgoing discrete directions are not prescribed.
When P1 approximation is selected as the Radiation discretization method for the physics interface, there is additional theory, equations, and variables described in P1 Approximation Theory.
Radiative Heat Transfer in a Utility Boiler: Application Library path Heat_Transfer_Module/Thermal_Radiation/boiler
Location in User Interface
Context menus
Heat Transfer with Radiation in Participating Media>Radiation in Participating Media>Opaque Surface
Radiation in Participating Media>Opaque Surface
Heat Transfer with Radiation in Participating Media>Pairs>Opaque Surface
Radiation in Participating Media>Pairs>Opaque Surface
More locations are available if the Radiation in participating media check box is selected under the Physical Model section. For example:
Heat Transfer in Solids>Radiation in Participating Media>Opaque Surface
Heat Transfer in Solids>Pairs>Opaque Surface
Ribbon
Physics Tab with interface as Heat Transfer, Heat Transfer in Solids, Heat Transfer in Fluids, Heat Transfer in Porous Media, Heat Transfer in Building Materials, Bioheat Transfer, Heat Transfer with Surface-to-Surface Radiation, Heat Transfer with Radiation in Participating Media or Radiation in Participating Media selected:
Boundaries>Radiation in Participating Media>Opaque Surface
Pairs>
interface>Opaque Surface