Extrude

To extrude planar objects into 3D objects, on the toolbar click (

). You can also right-click the or a feature to add this from the context menu. Then enter the properties of the extrude operation.

From the list, select to extrude planar faces from the 3D geometry. Select the faces that you want to extrude in the Graphics window. They appear in the list. All selected faces must lie in the same plane. Alternatively, from the list, select to extrude objects from a work plane. In the list, select the work plane to extrude from. Select the objects that you want to extrude in the Graphics window. They appear in the list.

From the list, select one of the following options:

•

, to avoid that the input faces appear in the operation. This option is useful if you extrude in both directions and have cleared the I check box in the section below.

Click the button to toggle between turning ON and OFF the selections.

From the list, choose (the default) or .

For , specify one or several distances (positive or negative) in the table. These determine the height above or below the work plane or planar faces for the top of each layer. The check box reverses the direction of the extrusion. To achieve a symmetric extrusion for a total thickness th, enter two distances: th/2 and −th/2.

For , select vertices to extrude the planar objects to from the list or by selecting them in the Graphics window.

Select the check box (selected by default) to also include a face of the extruded objects at their input location (the work plane). If you clear this check box, you do not get a face at the work plane, so the number of distances from the plane must be at least 2. Likewise, if you extrude to a single vertex, you need to include the input faces as a second end face for the extruded objects.

If you extrude several layers, remove the interior boundaries by clearing the check box.

The direction arrow that appears in the Graphics window indicates the length of each extrusion distance.

For each layer, specify a length scaling factor for the top of the layer relative to the work plane object or planar faces.

For each layer, specify a displacement vector for the top of the layer in the work plane’s coordinate system, or the local coordinate system defined by the first face to extrude. The first face is the face with smallest face number in the geometry object that comes first in the geometry sequence.

For each layer, specify a rotation angle for the top of the layer around the work plane’s normal vector or the normal vector of the first face to extrude. The first face is the face with smallest face number in the geometry object that comes first in the geometry sequence.

This setting determines how accurately the edges in the extrusion direction are represented.

If you want to make the resulting entities contribute to a cumulative selection, select a cumulative selection from the list (the default, , gives no contribution), or click the button to create a new cumulative selection (see Cumulative Selections).

Select the check box to create predefined selections (for all levels — objects, domains, boundaries, edges, and points — that are applicable) in subsequent nodes in the geometry sequence. To also make all or one of the types of resulting entities (domains, boundaries, edges, and points) that the resulting objects consist of available as selections in all applicable selection lists (in physics and materials settings, for example), choose an option from the ( if in a geometry part) list: , , , , or . The default is , which is suitable for use with materials and physics defined in domains. For use with a boundary condition, for example, choose . These selections do not appear as separate selection nodes in the model tree. Select to not make any selection available outside of the geometry sequence.