The Pipe Acoustics, Transient Interface

Theinterface (

), found under the branch (

) when adding a physics interface, is used to compute the acoustic pressure and velocity variations when modeling the propagation of sound waves in flexible pipe systems. The governing equations are formulated in a general way to include the possibility of a stationary background flow. The physics interface can for example be used to compute the propagation of sound waves in HVAC systems, other large piping systems, or simply in an organ pipe.

The solved equations assume that the propagating waves are plane. The propagation of higher-order modes that exist above their cut-off frequency, dictated by the pipe cross section, is not modeled.

The equations governing the propagation of sound in pipes stem from considering momentum, mass, and energy balances for a control volume of a piece of pipe. The resulting equations are expressed in the cross-sectional averaged variables and reduce the equations to a 1D component with scalar dependent variables. The physics interface is available in 3D on edges and points, and in 2D on boundaries and points.

When this physics interface is added, these default nodes are also added to the —, , , and . Then, from the toolbar, add other nodes that implement, for example, boundary conditions and point conditions. You can also right-click to select physics features from the context menu.

The is the default physics interface name.

The is used primarily as a scope prefix for variables defined by the physics interface. Refer to such physics interface variables in expressions using the pattern <name>.<variable_name>. In order to distinguish between variables belonging to different physics interfaces, the name string must be unique. Only letters, numbers and underscores (_) are permitted in the field. The first character must be a letter.

The default (for the first physics interface in the model) is patd.

Select the (method) as (default and recommended) or and then enter the in the model. The default frequency is set to 1000[Hz] but should be changed to reflect the frequency content of the sources used in the model. The generated solver will be adequate in most situations if the computational mesh also resolves the frequency content in the model. Note that any changes made to these settings (after the model is solved the first time) will only be reflected in the solver if or is selected in the study.

The rest of the settings are the same as for The Pipe Acoustics, Frequency Domain Interface.